The debate over which political party best manages Ghana’s economy has been in our political dispensation for over two decades with no scientific justification for the allegations and counter-allegations among the two biggest political parties in Ghana (NDC, NPP).
This decade-long debate inspired and motivated this piece from a scientific perspective. In the quest to evaluate this issue, open and accessible quality data would be needed from the recognized international Database. In that respect, I extracted, studied, and analyzed the historic Ghana Gross Domestic Product growth (GDP %) data from 1983 to 2020 from the World Bank Database.
Attached below are an 8year period examination and graphic representation of Ghana’s GDP growth rates for both the ruling government (NPP) from 2001 to 2008 and the opposition party (NDC) from 2009 to 2016 to determine which regime had best managed the economy in terms of GDP expansion.
Graph 1: National Democratic Congress (NDC), Gross Domestic Product growth rate trend from (2009-2016). Source: World Bank
As seen from the above graphs. The gragh1in colour yellow is the NDC GDP growth rate trend (2009-2016) and graph2 colour red is the NPP growth rate trend (2001-2008).
Comparatively, we are specifically looking at the high-low growth of both regimes. Per graph1, historically the highest Ghana’s GDP growth rate occurred in 2011 thus 14.05% (see the yellow graph) under Mills/Mahama Regime and their lowest growth is 3.90% in 2015 and the trend can be seen in the yellow graph (2009-2016).
The red graph2 is the ruling government (NPP) GDP growth rate, the highest growth occurred in 2008 that’s 9.15% and the lowest is 4.35% in 2007 under Kufuor/Aliu regime and the trend can be seen in (red area graph).
Findings
1. The lowest growth in 2015 (3.90%) could be partly attributed to the shocks from the sudden fall of global commodities (crude oil, gold, cocoa) prices e.g cruel oil fell from $99/barrel to below $40, and subsequently, the breakdown of FSO Nkrumah (Ghana’s crude drilling ship) which amounted to huge revenues lost for the then government.
2. The lowest rate of growth in 2007 (4.35%) all things being equal, also was a result of pre-crisis shocks of 2007/2008 Global Financial Crisis (GFC).
3. I found that both regimes (NDC & NPP) were able to consistently grow the GDP a little over 50% in post-crisis. Thus, NDC (2015-2016) and NPP (2007-2008). Again, tracking the average growth in normal times in both graphs does not show a consistent 50% except the miraculous jump in 2011 (14.05%)
Recommendation
For a policy perspective, we should tailor national economic policies (monetary policy) to contain GDP growth fluctuations in both scenarios to plug in more economic benefits, especially in immediate post-crisis.
Conclusion
In a nutshell, per this data, I can conclude that Ghana GDP growth has strong momentum in post-crisis with little over 50% growth than compared to normal times in both regimes. This is consistent with empirical evidence which suggests that « all things being equal « emerging economies grow faster and stronger in post-crisis (shocks/political). A classic example is current Rwanda’s economy.
Therefore, Communicators of both ruling government (NPP) and opposition (NDC) should take note that, historically the best custodian and manager of Ghana’s economy in terms of GDP growth rate is NDC (14.05%) in 2011, and that the contrast claims sometimes by H.E the Vice President Dr. Bawumia and several of the government communicators are not ONLY factually incorrect but non-existence in any available, recognize and accessible database and that NDC MUST NOT accept such position without bases.
THANK YOU ALL & GOD BLESS GHANA
Produced by: Evans DARKO, CREM RESEARCH LAB, FRANCE